ABSTRACT
This is the report on a patient with chronic diarrhea caused by microsporidia. He is married, infected with HIV and has low CD4 cell count. The diagnosis was established through stool parasite search using concentration methods and Gram - chromotrope staining technique. Ileum biopsy was also performed in this case. The etiological diagnosis may be established in a clinical laboratory, by chromotrope staining technique in routine microscopic examination of stool specimens.
Este é o relato de caso de doente com diarréia crônica causada por Microsporidia. O doente era homem, casado, infectado com HIV e tinha baixa taxa de linfócitos CD4+. O diagnóstico foi feito em exame de fezes utilizando métodos de concentração e técnica de coloração de Gram-Chromotrope. Biópsia de íleo também foi realizada neste caso. O diagnóstico etiológico pode ser feito em laboratório clínico, por técnicas de coloração baseada em cromotrope na rotina da observação microscópica direta.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/complications , Diarrhea/microbiology , Microsporidia/isolation & purification , Microsporidiosis/complications , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/drug therapy , Chronic Disease , Feces/microbiology , Hospitals, University , Microsporidiosis/diagnosis , Microsporidiosis/drug therapy , Staining and LabelingABSTRACT
La microsporidiosis humana ha cobrado relevancia clínica con la aparición del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana. La diarrea crónica constituye la expresión clínica más frecuente es estos pacientes aunque se han descrito infecciones localizadas en los distintos parénquimas del organismo e infecciones generalizadas. Las especies más relevantes son enterocytozoon bieneusi y encephalitozoon intestinalis. Se plantean como desafíos definir claramente los métodos diagnósticos y terapia adecuadapara ambas especies, una eventual terapia profiláctica primaria y/o secundaria y actualizar además las cifras de prevalencia en los distintos países
Subject(s)
Humans , Diarrhea/etiology , Microsporidia/pathogenicity , Microsporidiosis/etiology , Albendazole/therapeutic use , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Microsporidia/classification , Microsporidia/growth & development , Microsporidia/isolation & purification , Microsporidiosis/diagnosis , Microsporidiosis/drug therapy , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Thalidomide/therapeutic useSubject(s)
Humans , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis , Diarrhea/etiology , Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection/diagnosis , Salmonella Infections/diagnosis , Salmonella Infections/drug therapy , Adenoviridae Infections/diagnosis , Campylobacter Infections/diagnosis , Campylobacter Infections/drug therapy , Cryptosporidiosis/diagnosis , Cryptosporidiosis/drug therapy , Cytomegalovirus Infections/diagnosis , Cytomegalovirus Infections/drug therapy , Dysentery, Bacillary/diagnosis , Dysentery, Bacillary/drug therapy , Microsporidiosis/diagnosis , Microsporidiosis/drug therapyABSTRACT
The first case of microspotidiosis in Central America is describes in en AIDS patient from Costa Rica. Electronic microscopy studies indicate that the spores were not included in a parasitophorous vacuole, but they are in direct contact with the cell cytoptasm. Sporogonic proliferative plasmodial forms presence and localization of the polar tubes in the anterior region of the spore, confirmed the specie Enterocytozoon bieneusi as the cause of this microsporidian infection
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/parasitology , Microsporidia/isolation & purification , Microsporidiosis/parasitology , Costa Rica , Feces/parasitology , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic , Microscopy, Electron , Microsporidia/drug effects , Microsporidia/pathogenicity , Microsporidiosis/drug therapy , Spores, Bacterial/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
Los protozoos del orden Microsporida se han considerado como causantes de diversas patologías en pacientes con inmunodeficiencias severas. Aparentemente se trasmiten al humano por fecalismo, pero también se ha considerado la vía respiratoria. Los más afectados son adultos jóvenes del sexo masculino infectados con virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana. Entre los géneros más importantes se encuentran: Enterocytozoon, Encephalitozoom, Septata, Nosema y Pleistophora. Aún existen discrepancias en cuanto a la biología del parásito y poco se conoce acerca de su comportamiento dentro del humano. Se concluye que con el Advenimiento del SIDA, se están presentando múltiples nosologías por oportunistas que anteriormente no se consideraban como infecciones humanas. Este trabajo es una revisión de lo publicado de 1959 a 1995, relativo a aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos, diagnósticos y terapéuticos
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/etiology , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/parasitology , Microsporida/growth & development , Microsporida/pathogenicity , Microsporidiosis/drug therapy , Microsporidiosis/etiology , Microsporidiosis/immunology , Microsporidiosis/transmission , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/parasitologyABSTRACT
The importance of microsporidium as an opportunistic agent in immunocompromised and AIDS patients is reviewed. Five strains of the agent have been described: Encephalitozoon, Enterocytozoon, Nosema, Pleistophora and Septata. The clinical presentation may be as 1) Generalized infections with multisystemic involvement, specially of the central nervous system; 2) Intestinal, that is the most important and frequent localization in man, and that may cause death in AIDS patients; 3) Ocular, that affects cornea, conjunctiva and may extend to paranasal sinuses; 4) Liver and biliary tract infection with granulomatous lesions, hepatic necrosis or sclerosing colangitis and 5) Muscular, affecting skeletal muscle. The diagnosis is difficult and is established finding spores in the affected tissues with light or electron microscopy. Lately, the diagnosis of intestinal microsporidiosis is made looking for faecal spores. The resistant wall of spores hampers treatment. However, good results are obtained with albendazole in intestinal microsporidiosis